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Reza Baraheni as a Resistant Translator Before the Islamic Revolution (1961–1979)

Authors

  • Babak Mohammadi 📧 Corresponding Author: Ph. D. Candidate of Translation, English Department, School of Graduate Studies, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran
  • Hussein Mollanazar Associate Professor, Department of English Translation Studies, Faculty of Persian Literature and Foreign Languages, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran

Abstract

Provided that translation is a purposeful activity and conditioned by the receiving context, this study aimed at investigating how ‘resistance’ has been enacted in Reza Baraheni’s three literary translations into Persian, produced during a period of time from 1961 to the Islamic Revolution in 1979 in Iran. These chosen works include Ivo Andrich’s The Bridge on the Drina (1915), William Shakespeare’s Richard III (1597), and Carlo Maria Franzero’s Cleopatra (1962). In order to explain the causes of such translations, an analytical model based on Aristotle’s four types of cause, as proposed by Pym (1998/2014) to study causation in translation was used, attempting to explore how the translator’s affiliations and ideologies as the efficient cause, his selections of texts to translate as the material cause, and his translation strategies and stylistic choices as the formal cause, facilitated the purpose of resistance in his translations as the final cause in an Aristotelian sense.

Keywords:

Aristotle’s causal model, Resistance, Resistant translation

References

Andrich, I. (1915). The Bridge on the Drina. (Translated by F. L. Edwards, 1919). London: Ruskin House.

https://www.assignmentpoint.combiography-of-william-shakespeare/ (Accessed 11 July 2021).

Baraheni, R. (1961). The Bridge on the Drina. (Translated). Tehran: Franklin Pocket Books.

Baraheni, R. (1962). Richard III. (Translated). Tehran: Amir-Kabir Publishing House.

Baraheni, R. (1963). Cleopatra. (Translated). Tehran: Amir-Kabir Publishing House.

https://www.boowiki.info/art/ecrivains-italiens-du-xxe-siecle/carlo-maria-franzero.html (Accessed 11 July 2021).

https://www.britannica.com/biography/William-Shakespeare/Chronology-of-Shakespeares-plays (Accessed 11 July 2021)

Chesterman, A. (2007). Bridge Concepts in Translation Sociology. In Wolf, M. and Fukari, A. (Eds.). Constructing a Sociology of Translation Studies. Amsterdam & Philadelphia : John Benjamins.

Franzero, C. M. (1962). Cleopatra. New York : Signet Book.

Huang, X. (2019). English–Chinese Translation as Conquest and Resistance in the Late Qing 1811–1911. Singapore: Springer.

Kuiper, K. (2013). The History Plays and Poems of William Shakespeare. New York : Britannica Educational Publishing.

Pym, A. (1998, 2014). Method in Translation History. Manchester: St. Jerome.

Qarabagli, V. (2022). Reza Baraheni, Writer, Poet, Literary Critic, and Public Intellectual: A Life-long Champion of Social Justice and Freedom of Speech. https://caspianpost.com/en/post/perspectives/reza-baraheni-writer-poet-literary-critic-and-public-intellectual-a-life-long-champion-of-social-justice-and-freedom-of-speech

Sale, R. (1977). Baraheni, Reza 1335–. Washington Post. https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/educational-magazines/baraheni-reza-1935

Sangari, M. (2010). Adabiyat-e Pāydāri (‘Resistance Literature’). She’r (‘Poem’). Vol. 39.

Shakespeare, W. (1597). Richard III. London & Glasgow: Collins.

Tyldesley, J. (2022). Cleopatra. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Cleopatra-queen-of-Egypt

Tymoczko, M. (2007, 2010, 2014). Enlarging Translation, Empowering Translators. London & New York: Routledge.

Tymoczko, M. (Ed.). (2010). Translation, Resistance, Activism. US: University of Massachusetts Press.

Venuti, L. (1995/2002/ 2008). The Translator’s Invisibility, London & New York: Routledge.

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Published

2023-01-23 — Updated on 2023-02-17

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How to Cite

Mohammadi, B., & Mollanazar, H. (2023). Reza Baraheni as a Resistant Translator Before the Islamic Revolution (1961–1979). Iranian Journal of Translation Studies, 20(80). Retrieved from https://journal.translationstudies.ir/ts/article/view/1021 (Original work published January 23, 2023)

Issue

Vol. 20 No. 80 (2023)

Section

Academic Research Paper

DOR

https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.17350212.1401.20.80.8.5

License

Copyright Licensee: Iranian Journal of Translation Studies. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution–NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0 license).